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《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第1期 页码 104-110 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0432-4
Advances in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics have begun to reveal the complex genetic landscape in human cancer genomes, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Sophisticated preclinical models that fully represent intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity are required to understand the molecular diversity of cancer and achieve the goal of personalized therapies. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models generated from human tumor samples that can retain the histological and genetic features of their donor tumors have been shown to be the preferred preclinical tool in translational cancer research compared with other conventional preclinical models. Specifically, genetically well-defined PDX models can be applied to accelerate targeted antitumor drug development and biomarker discovery. Recently, we have successfully established and characterized an OSCC PDX panel as part of our tumor bio-bank for translational cancer research. In this paper, we discuss the establishment, characterization, and preclinical applications of the PDX models. In particular, we focus on the classification and applications of the PDX models based on validated annotations, including clinicopathological features, genomic profiles, and pharmacological testing information. We also explore the translational value of this well-annotated PDX panel in the development of co-clinical trials for patient stratification and treatment optimization in the near future. Although various limitations still exist, this preclinical approach should be further tested and improved.
关键词: patient-derived xenograft models personalized medicine co-clinical trial patient stratification oral squamous cell carcinoma
A study on specialist or special disease clinics based on big data
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 376-381 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0356-9
Correlation analysis and processing of massive medical information can be implemented through big data technology to find the relevance of different factors in the life cycle of a disease and to provide the basis for scientific research and clinical practice. This paper explores the concept of constructing a big medical data platform and introduces the clinical model construction. Medical data can be collected and consolidated by distributed computing technology. Through analysis technology, such as artificial neural network and grey model, a medical model can be built. Big data analysis, such as Hadoop, can be used to construct early prediction and intervention models as well as clinical decision-making model for specialist and special disease clinics. It establishes a new model for common clinical research for specialist and special disease clinics.
关键词: big data correlation analysis medical information integration data analysis clinical model
Ontological reconstruction of the clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 358-361 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0348-9
This study proposes the ontological reconstruction of the current clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It also provides an overview of preliminary work related to the said reconstruction, including the ontology-based analysis of TCM clinical terminology. We conclude that the ontological reconstruction of TCM clinical terminology provides a proper translation from the idealized organizational model to real-world implementation and to a formalized, shared, and knowledge-based framework.
关键词: ontology traditional Chinese medicine clinical terminology
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 页码 527-533 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0967-5
关键词: orthotopic heart transplant tricuspid regurgitation clinical impact biatrial heart transplantation
Obesity-related glomerulopathy: pathogenesis, pathologic, clinical characteristics and treatment
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 页码 340-348 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0570-3
In light of the rapid increase in the number of obesity incidences worldwide, obesity has become an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is characterized by glomerulomegaly in the presence or absence of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis lesions. IgM and complement 3 (C3) nonspecifically deposit in lesions without immune-complex-type deposits during ORG immunofluorescence. ORG-associated glomerulomegaly and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis can superimpose on other renal pathologies. The mechanisms under ORG are complex, especially hemodynamic changes, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and reduced functioning nephrons. These mechanisms synergize with obesity to induce end-stage renal disease. A slow increase of subnephrotic proteinuria (<3.5 g/d) is the most common clinical manifestation of ORG. Several treatment methods for ORG have been developed. Of these methods, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade and weight loss are proven effective. Targeting mitochondria may offer a novel strategy for ORG therapy. Nevertheless, more research is needed to further understand ORG.
关键词: obesity-related glomerulopathy pathogenesis pathologic clinical characteristics
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update
Min Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Jieming Qu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期 页码 126-135 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0767-8
关键词: coronavirus disease 2019 epidemiology pathology radiology clinical characteristics treatment
Hypertension in patients with CKD in China: clinical characteristics and management
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 页码 307-309 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0578-8
马麟,包晨露,李青,吴静依,潘虹安,李鹏飞,张路霞,詹启敏
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第6期 页码 127-136 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.06.011
肿瘤是人类生命健康的重要威胁,随着我国医疗行业信息化的发展,医疗机构积累了大量的肿瘤临床数据,但因数据标准不统一、治理难度大等原因制约了数据价值的充分挖掘;应用人工智能(AI)等前沿信息技术建设肿瘤临床大数据管理系统,有助于肿瘤临床数据的深入应用、临床诊疗管理质量与效率提升。本文剖析了我国肿瘤临床数据治理与应用面临的问题及挑战,研判了肿瘤临床大数据管理体系的应用价值;针对肿瘤临床数据多来源、多模态的复杂特性,探索了AI 技术应用于肿瘤临床大数据管理与科研的机制及路径;设计了包括肿瘤通用数据模型构建、临床数据采集与安全管理、标准化结构化治理、分析与建模应用、数据质量管理在内的全流程解决方案,阐述了相应系统的建设框架与技术体系;以某三甲医院肺癌临床大数据平台为案例,展示了所提方案在临床实践中的可行性及应用价值。相关研究可为丰富我国肿瘤临床大数据管理系统的建设实践、探讨领域未来重点研究方向提供参考和启示。
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 页码 551-573 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0928-z
关键词: HCC bone osteotropism clinical basic researches advances
Heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical interventions
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期 页码 617-648 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1015-9
《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1043-5
关键词: coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology clinical features
Genetic and clinical markers for predicting treatment responsiveness in rheumatoid arthritis
Xin Wu, Xiaobao Sheng, Rong Sheng, Hongjuan Lu, Huji Xu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第4期 页码 411-419 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0659-3
Biological properties and clinical applications of berberine
Danyang Song, Jianyu Hao, Daiming Fan
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 页码 564-582 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0724-6
关键词: berberine Coptis chinensis pharmacological properties mechanism clinical applications
Anatomy and embryology of umbilicus in newborns: a review and clinical correlations
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第3期 页码 271-277 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0457-8
Umbilicus is considered a mirror of the abdomen in newborns. Despite its importance, the umbilicus has been stated in literature and textbooks as discrete subjects with many body systems, such as the urinary, digestive, and cardiovascular ones. This article aimed to address the basic knowledge of the umbilicus in relation to clinical disorders under one integrated topic to aid physicians and surgeons in assessing newborns and infants. The umbilicus appears as early as the fourth week of fetal life when the folding of the embryonic plate occurs. The umbilicus appears initially as a primitive umbilical ring on the ventral aspect of the body. The primitive umbilicus contains the connecting stalk, umbilical vessels, vitelline duct and vessels, allantois, and loop of the intestine. Changes occur to form the definitive cord, which contains three umbilical vessels, namely, “one vein and two arteries,” embedded in Wharton’s jelly. After birth, the umbilical vessels inside the body obliterate and gradually form ligaments. Congenital disorders at the umbilicus include herniation, bleeding, and discharge of mucous, urine, or feces. Some of these disorders necessitate emergent surgical interference, whereas others may be managed conservatively. The umbilicus has many embryological remnants. Thus, the umbilicus is prone to various clinical disorders. Detecting these disorders as early as possible is essential to prevent or minimize possible complications.
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 页码 389-402 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0856-3
关键词: severe community-acquired pneumonia lung microbiota clinical improvements 7-category ordinal scale Prevotellaceae
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
xenograft platform of OSCC: a renewable human bio-bank for preclinical cancer research and a new co-clinicalmodel for treatment optimization
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期刊论文
The clinical impact of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with a biatrial orthotopic heart transplant
期刊论文
Obesity-related glomerulopathy: pathogenesis, pathologic, clinical characteristics and treatment
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期刊论文
Bone metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: facts and hopes from clinical and translational perspectives
期刊论文
Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China
期刊论文
Genetic and clinical markers for predicting treatment responsiveness in rheumatoid arthritis
Xin Wu, Xiaobao Sheng, Rong Sheng, Hongjuan Lu, Huji Xu
期刊论文
Biological properties and clinical applications of berberine
Danyang Song, Jianyu Hao, Daiming Fan
期刊论文